![]() ![]() Rabies is a rare cause of encephalitis in the United States. Infection with the rabies virus, which is usually transmitted by a bite from an infected animal, causes a rapid progression to encephalitis once symptoms begin. Symptoms usually appear about a week after a bite from an infected tick. The Powassan virus is carried by ticks and causes encephalitis in the Midwestern United States. Symptoms of an infection might appear within a few days to a couple of weeks after exposure to a mosquito-borne virus. Louis, western equine and eastern equine encephalitis. These viruses can cause infections such as West Nile, La Crosse, St. These viruses include the poliovirus and the coxsackievirus, which usually cause an illness with flu-like symptoms, eye inflammation and abdominal pain. These include the Epstein-Barr virus, which commonly causes infectious mononucleosis, and the varicella-zoster virus, which commonly causes chickenpox and shingles. Encephalitis caused by HSV type 1 is rare but can result in significant brain damage or death. Both HSV type 1 - associated with cold sores and fever blisters around your mouth - and HSV type 2 - associated with genital herpes - can cause encephalitis. The viruses that can cause encephalitis include: When an infected mosquito bites an animal or a human (host), the virus is passed into the host's bloodstream, where it may cause serious illness. When a mosquito bites an infected bird, the virus enters the mosquito's bloodstream and eventually moves into its salivary glands. Infants and young children with any signs or symptoms of encephalitis should receive urgent care. A severe headache, fever and change in consciousness require urgent care. Get immediate care if you are experiencing any of the more-severe symptoms associated with encephalitis.
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